Rozszerzanie parametrów w bash
W bash
tym przypadku możesz użyć rozszerzenia parametrów
${parameter%word}
gdzie word
jest/*
${parameter##word}
gdzie word
jest*/
Przykłady:
Usuń ostatnią część
$ asdf="xxx/xxxx/xxxxx/yyy"
$ echo ${asdf%/*}
xxx/xxxx/xxxxx
Jest to opisane w man bash
:
${parameter%word}
${parameter%%word}
Remove matching suffix pattern. The word is expanded to produce
a pattern just as in pathname expansion. If the pattern matches
a trailing portion of the expanded value of parameter, then the
result of the expansion is the expanded value of parameter with
the shortest matching pattern (the ``%'' case) or the longest
matching pattern (the ``%%'' case) deleted. If parameter is @
or *, the pattern removal operation is applied to each posi‐
tional parameter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant
list. If parameter is an array variable subscripted with @ or
*, the pattern removal operation is applied to each member of
the array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
Usuń wszystko oprócz ostatniej części
$ asdf="xxx/xxxx/xxxxx/yyy"
$ echo ${asdf##*/}
yyy
Możesz dodać ukośnik w ten sposób
$ echo /${asdf##*/}
/yyy
aby uzyskać dokładnie to, czego chciałeś w jednym konkretnym przypadku zgodnie z edytowanym pytaniem. Ale pytanie zostało później zredagowane przez kilka osób i nie jest łatwo wiedzieć, czego chcesz teraz.
Jest to opisane w man bash
:
${parameter#word}
${parameter##word}
Remove matching prefix pattern. The word is expanded to produce
a pattern just as in pathname expansion. If the pattern matches
the beginning of the value of parameter, then the result of the
expansion is the expanded value of parameter with the shortest
matching pattern (the ``#'' case) or the longest matching pat‐
tern (the ``##'' case) deleted. If parameter is @ or *, the
pattern removal operation is applied to each positional parame‐
ter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list. If param‐
eter is an array variable subscripted with @ or *, the pattern
removal operation is applied to each member of the array in
turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.