Zauważyłem, że żadna odpowiedź nie wyświetla obrazu z pojedynczą legendą odwołującą się do wielu krzywych na różnych wykresach cząstkowych, więc muszę ci pokazać jedną ... żeby zaciekawić ...
Teraz chcesz spojrzeć na kod, prawda?
from numpy import linspace
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# Calling the axes.prop_cycle returns an itertoools.cycle
color_cycle = plt.rcParams['axes.prop_cycle']()
# I need some curves to plot
x = linspace(0, 1, 51)
f1 = x*(1-x) ; lab1 = 'x - x x'
f2 = 0.25-f1 ; lab2 = '1/4 - x + x x'
f3 = x*x*(1-x) ; lab3 = 'x x - x x x'
f4 = 0.25-f3 ; lab4 = '1/4 - x x + x x x'
# let's plot our curves (note the use of color cycle, otherwise the curves colors in
# the two subplots will be repeated and a single legend becomes difficult to read)
fig, (a13, a24) = plt.subplots(2)
a13.plot(x, f1, label=lab1, **next(color_cycle))
a13.plot(x, f3, label=lab3, **next(color_cycle))
a24.plot(x, f2, label=lab2, **next(color_cycle))
a24.plot(x, f4, label=lab4, **next(color_cycle))
# so far so good, now the trick
lines_labels = [ax.get_legend_handles_labels() for ax in fig.axes]
lines, labels = [sum(lol, []) for lol in zip(*lines_labels)]
# finally we invoke the legend (that you probably would like to customize...)
fig.legend(lines, labels)
plt.show()
Dwie linie
lines_labels = [ax.get_legend_handles_labels() for ax in fig.axes]
lines, labels = [sum(lol, []) for lol in zip(*lines_labels)]
zasługuję na wyjaśnienie - w tym celu zawarłem trudną część w funkcji, tylko 4 linie kodu, ale mocno skomentowałem
def fig_legend(fig, **kwdargs):
# generate a sequence of tuples, each contains
# - a list of handles (lohand) and
# - a list of labels (lolbl)
tuples_lohand_lolbl = (ax.get_legend_handles_labels() for ax in fig.axes)
# e.g. a figure with two axes, ax0 with two curves, ax1 with one curve
# yields: ([ax0h0, ax0h1], [ax0l0, ax0l1]) and ([ax1h0], [ax1l0])
# legend needs a list of handles and a list of labels,
# so our first step is to transpose our data,
# generating two tuples of lists of homogeneous stuff(tolohs), i.e
# we yield ([ax0h0, ax0h1], [ax1h0]) and ([ax0l0, ax0l1], [ax1l0])
tolohs = zip(*tuples_lohand_lolbl)
# finally we need to concatenate the individual lists in the two
# lists of lists: [ax0h0, ax0h1, ax1h0] and [ax0l0, ax0l1, ax1l0]
# a possible solution is to sum the sublists - we use unpacking
handles, labels = (sum(list_of_lists, []) for list_of_lists in tolohs)
# call fig.legend with the keyword arguments, return the legend object
return fig.legend(handles, labels, **kwdargs)
PS Zdaję sobie sprawę, że sum(list_of_lists, [])
jest to naprawdę nieefektywna metoda spłaszczania listy list, ale ① Uwielbiam jego zwartość ② zwykle jest kilka krzywych w kilku podplotach i ③ Matplotlib i wydajność? ;-)