Zidentyfikowałem 3 sytuacje.
- Student bez zapisów.
- Student z zapisami, ale bez ocen.
- Student z zapisami i ocenami.
W tabeli rejestracji znajduje się wyzwalacz do obliczania GPA. Jeśli uczeń ma oceny, zaktualizuje lub wstawi wpis do tabeli GPA; bez ocen, bez wpisu tabeli GPA.
Mogę usunąć ucznia bez zapisów (nr 1). Mogę usunąć ucznia z zapisami i ocenami (punkt 3 powyżej). Ale nie mogę usunąć ucznia z zapisami, ale bez ocen (# 2). Dostaję naruszenie ograniczenia odniesienia.
Instrukcja DELETE była w konflikcie z ograniczeniem REFERENCE „FK_dbo.GPA_dbo.Student_StudentID”. Konflikt wystąpił w bazie danych „”, tabeli „dbo.GPA”, kolumnie „StudentID”.
Gdybym nie mógł usunąć nowego ucznia bez zapisów (i bez wpisu GPA), zrozumiałbym naruszenie ograniczenia, ale mogę usunąć tego ucznia. To student z zapisami i bez ocen (i wciąż bez wpisu GPA), których nie mogę usunąć.
Poprawiłem swój spust, aby móc iść do przodu. Teraz, jeśli masz rejestracje, wyzwalacz wstawia cię do tabeli GPA bez względu na wszystko. Ale nie rozumiem podstawowego problemu. Wszelkie wyjaśnienia będą mile widziane.
Tyle ile jest warte:
- Visual Studio 2013 Professional.
- IIS express (wewnętrzny do VS2013).
- Aplikacja internetowa ASP.NET przy użyciu EntityFramework 6.1.1.
- MS SQL Server 2014 Enterprise.
- GPA.Value ma wartość null.
- Enrollment.GradeID ma wartość null.
Oto fragment bazy danych:
- EDYCJA -
Wszystkie tabele są tworzone przez EntityFramework, użyłem SQL Server Management Studio do ich wytworzenia.
Oto instrukcje tworzenia tabeli z ograniczeniami .:
GPA
stół:
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[GPA](
[StudentID] [int] NOT NULL,
[Value] [float] NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_dbo.GPA] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[StudentID] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF,
ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[GPA] WITH CHECK
ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.GPA_dbo.Student_StudentID]
FOREIGN KEY([StudentID])
REFERENCES [dbo].[Student] ([ID])
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[GPA]
CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.GPA_dbo.Student_StudentID]
Enrollment
stół:
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Enrollment](
[EnrollmentID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[CourseID] [int] NOT NULL,
[StudentID] [int] NOT NULL,
[GradeID] [int] NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_dbo.Enrollment] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[EnrollmentID] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF,
ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Enrollment] WITH CHECK
ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.Enrollment_dbo.Course_CourseID]
FOREIGN KEY([CourseID])
REFERENCES [dbo].[Course] ([CourseID])
ON DELETE CASCADE
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Enrollment]
CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.Enrollment_dbo.Course_CourseID]
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Enrollment] WITH CHECK
ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.Enrollment_dbo.Grade_GradeID]
FOREIGN KEY([GradeID])
REFERENCES [dbo].[Grade] ([GradeID])
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Enrollment]
CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.Enrollment_dbo.Grade_GradeID]
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Enrollment] WITH CHECK
ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.Enrollment_dbo.Student_StudentID]
FOREIGN KEY([StudentID])
REFERENCES [dbo].[Student] ([ID])
ON DELETE CASCADE
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Enrollment]
CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.Enrollment_dbo.Student_StudentID]
Student
stół:
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Student](
[ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[EnrollmentDate] [datetime] NOT NULL,
[LastName] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,
[FirstName] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_dbo.Student] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[ID] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF,
ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
Oto czynniki uruchamiające :
CREATE TRIGGER UpdateGPAFromUpdateDelete
ON Enrollment
AFTER UPDATE, DELETE AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @UpdatedStudentID AS int
SELECT @UpdatedStudentID = StudentID FROM DELETED
EXEC MergeGPA @UpdatedStudentID
END
CREATE TRIGGER UpdateGPAFromInsert
ON Enrollment
AFTER INSERT AS
--DECLARE @InsertedGradeID AS int
--SELECT @InsertedGradeID = GradeID FROM INSERTED
--IF @InsertedGradeID IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
DECLARE @InsertedStudentID AS int
SELECT @InsertedStudentID = StudentID FROM INSERTED
EXEC MergeGPA @InsertedStudentID
END
Łatka do przodu polegała na komentowaniu tych linii w AFTER INSERT
wyzwalaczu.
Oto procedura składowana :
CREATE PROCEDURE MergeGPA @StudentID int AS
MERGE GPA AS TARGET
USING (SELECT @StudentID) as SOURCE (StudentID)
ON (TARGET.StudentID = SOURCE.StudentID)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE
SET Value = (SELECT Value FROM GetGPA(@StudentID))
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT (StudentID, Value)
VALUES(SOURCE.StudentID, (SELECT Value FROM GetGPA(@StudentID)));
Oto funkcja bazy danych :
CREATE FUNCTION GetGPA (@StudentID int)
RETURNS TABLE
AS RETURN
SELECT ROUND(SUM (StudentTotal.TotalCredits) / SUM (StudentTotal.Credits), 2) Value
FROM (
SELECT
CAST(Credits as float) Credits
, CAST(SUM(Value * Credits) as float) TotalCredits
FROM
Enrollment e
JOIN Course c ON c.CourseID = e.CourseID
JOIN Grade g ON e.GradeID = g.GradeID
WHERE
e.StudentID = @StudentID AND
e.GradeID IS NOT NULL
GROUP BY
StudentID
, Value
, e.courseID
, Credits
) StudentTotal
Oto dane wyjściowe debugowania z metody usuwania kontrolera, instrukcja select jest metodą sprawdzającą, co należy usunąć. Ten uczeń ma 3 zapisy, REFERENCE
problem z ograniczeniem pojawia się po usunięciu 3. zapisu. Zakładam, że EF używa transakcji, ponieważ rejestracje nie są usuwane.
iisexpress.exe Information: 0 : Component:SQL Database;Method:SchoolInterceptor.ReaderExecuted;Timespan:00:00:00.0004945;Properties:
Command: SELECT
[Project2].[StudentID] AS [StudentID],
[Project2].[ID] AS [ID],
[Project2].[EnrollmentDate] AS [EnrollmentDate],
[Project2].[LastName] AS [LastName],
[Project2].[FirstName] AS [FirstName],
[Project2].[Value] AS [Value],
[Project2].[C1] AS [C1],
[Project2].[EnrollmentID] AS [EnrollmentID],
[Project2].[CourseID] AS [CourseID],
[Project2].[StudentID1] AS [StudentID1],
[Project2].[GradeID] AS [GradeID]
FROM ( SELECT
[Limit1].[ID] AS [ID],
[Limit1].[EnrollmentDate] AS [EnrollmentDate],
[Limit1].[LastName] AS [LastName],
[Limit1].[FirstName] AS [FirstName],
[Limit1].[StudentID] AS [StudentID],
[Limit1].[Value] AS [Value],
[Extent3].[EnrollmentID] AS [EnrollmentID],
[Extent3].[CourseID] AS [CourseID],
[Extent3].[StudentID] AS [StudentID1],
[Extent3].[GradeID] AS [GradeID],
CASE WHEN ([Extent3].[EnrollmentID] IS NULL) THEN CAST(NULL AS int) ELSE 1 END AS [C1]
FROM (SELECT TOP (2)
[Extent1].[ID] AS [ID],
[Extent1].[EnrollmentDate] AS [EnrollmentDate],
[Extent1].[LastName] AS [LastName],
[Extent1].[FirstName] AS [FirstName],
[Extent2].[StudentID] AS [StudentID],
[Extent2].[Value] AS [Value]
FROM [dbo].[Student] AS [Extent1]
LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[GPA] AS [Extent2] ON [Extent1].[ID] = [Extent2].[StudentID]
WHERE [Extent1].[ID] = @p__linq__0 ) AS [Limit1]
LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[Enrollment] AS [Extent3] ON [Limit1].[ID] = [Extent3].[StudentID]
) AS [Project2]
ORDER BY [Project2].[StudentID] ASC, [Project2].[ID] ASC, [Project2].[C1] ASC:
iisexpress.exe Information: 0 : Component:SQL Database;Method:SchoolInterceptor.NonQueryExecuted;Timespan:00:00:00.0012696;Properties:
Command: DELETE [dbo].[Enrollment]
WHERE ([EnrollmentID] = @0):
iisexpress.exe Information: 0 : Component:SQL Database;Method:SchoolInterceptor.NonQueryExecuted;Timespan:00:00:00.0002634;Properties:
Command: DELETE [dbo].[Enrollment]
WHERE ([EnrollmentID] = @0):
iisexpress.exe Information: 0 : Component:SQL Database;Method:SchoolInterceptor.NonQueryExecuted;Timespan:00:00:00.0002512;Properties:
Command: DELETE [dbo].[Enrollment]
WHERE ([EnrollmentID] = @0):
iisexpress.exe Error: 0 : Error executing command: DELETE [dbo].[Student]
WHERE ([ID] = @0) Exception: System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException (0x80131904): The DELETE statement conflicted with the REFERENCE constraint "FK_dbo.GPA_dbo.Student_StudentID". The conflict occurred in database "<databasename>", table "dbo.GPA", column 'StudentID'.
The statement has been terminated.